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Combined Wall Systems
Combined Wall Systems are mainly used in deep excavations, in deep wharfs and in retaining structures where deflection is restricted. Very high bending strengths can be achieved with combined wall systems. These systems are preferred when hard driving is encountered.

Most combined wall systems are composed of 2 different sections: a king pile, which is a stiff section (HZ or pipe pile) and an intermediary sheet pile, an AZ section. In most cases the AZ section simply transmits the horizontal pressure to the king pile. The deflection of both sections is assumed to be the same. The length of the intermediary AZ sheet pile is usually shorter than the HZ king pile, varying from about 60% to 100% of the length of the king pile. The king piles, are often used to carry substantial vertical loads.
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